This study examined the interplay of gender and individual, interpersonal, health system, and community factors that contribute to PMTCT participation in Uganda. In-depth interviews were conducted with women in PMTCT, women lost to follow-up, government health workers, and stakeholders at organizations supporting PMTCT as well as focus group discussions with men. The project was funded by ICF/MACRO/USAID from 2016-2016 and an article was produced as a result.